Money…and a reminder!

Sales of FOBIF’s guides are going so well that all five books will be reprinted before autumn is over. All books have now gone through multiple reprints. Unfortunately costs have risen, and we’ve been obliged to raise the price of the eucalypt, wattle and pea guides to $15 a copy from the end of this month. All money from our sales is devoted to reprinting costs–no profits are made from our books, nearly ten thousand of which have now sold.

And a reminder: The FOBIF 25 show at the Newstead Arts Hub will be opened by Alison Pouliot at 10.30 next Saturday the 25th. Alison is a charismatic and engaging speaker. Make the trip!

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New tracks in the Diggings Park

Parks Victoria has completed its network of new walks centred on the Garfield Wheel trailhead in the Castlemaine Diggings NHP. Maps and descriptions can be found here.

The new walks are marked by distinctive posts, and supported by online maps you can get by downloading the free Avenza map. The supporting note packages give plenty of detail about mining practices, and one of the walks, the short Garfield Bush walk, has notes on the local vegetation and bird life.

Nature creeps back: Breutelia moss colonising a mullock heap at the Nimrod mine. Mosses and fungi are highlights of winter walking at the Welsh Village.

Note that the new walks overlap somewhat with the Welsh Village walks in FOBIF’s local walks guide. The changed conditions make some of our directions hard to follow. A new edition of this guide will soon be published incorporating changes on the ground. In the mean time, walkers using our book should follow our maps carefully (they’re better than the Avenza ones, anyway).

The new track system certainly sparks up what was perhaps a tired precinct. The accompanying heritage notes might be a bit heavy on technical detail, but some of them are provocatively interesting. Take this, on the Garfield crushing battery:

‘Quartz was tipped into the battery from the raised tramline and pounded to sand by the stampers. The battery sand was mixed with water into a slurry and forced through mesh screens onto the sloping aprons or concentrating tables (also known as blankets). These were covered by copper sheets coated with mercury, which caught and amalgamated with the gold.

‘Periodically, the gold-mercury amalgam was scraped off the copper sheets and heated to vaporise the mercury and release the gold. Once cooled, the mercury was reused. The miners involved in this process would probably have suffered from mercury poisoning.

‘Mercury is a neurotoxin which damages the part of the brain that co-ordinates movement. It also harms the kidneys and other organs. Although it is illegal to use mercury in gold mining in many countries today, there are an estimated 10-15 million unregulated gold miners operating in 70 countries. About 15% of the world’s gold is produced by small-scale miners. Mercury is still widely used, causing irreversible neurological damage to workers.’

This is an uncommon example of heritage notes straying away from local colour and into the drama of life as it’s lived, and is welcome.

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New Tracks 2: missed opportunities?

There are some disappointing features in these notes, probably typical of heritage discourse generally. A few examples:

–The Quartz Hill walk notes describe puddling wheels, but somehow forget to point out that these were seriously polluting. Captain Bull tried unsuccessfully to get them banned in 1855.

Near the Nimrod mine: A eucalypt perches precariously on the impressive slate wall; feral pines are invading from the plantations; a small flowering Acacia implexa softens the scene on the left; impressive patches of Purple Coral-pea are covering the bare earth. The mining landscape has many layers: ‘heritage’ notes which concentrate on technical details about mining fail to catch the reality of a changing landscape.

–When you compare the detail given to mining techniques, not enough is made of the Pennyweight Flat children’s cemetery. This is where environmental degradation runs crash into human life, and the result is seriously haunting. A feature of this location is the fine Grey Box trees, somehow framing the devastating reality below.

–the notes on sluicing are extraordinarily bland. The long term effect on our waterways was disastrous. How hard is it to say this?

— there’s a pleasant ‘goldfields treasure hunt’ sheet for ‘Junior Rangers’: participants are invited to search for 16 goldfields features. Apart from ‘coppiced trees’, all features are shafts, chimneys, and so on. We’d like to have seen, in addition, perhaps, ‘Native cherry’. Or even ‘destroyed waterway.’ There are plenty on offer.

Breutelia affinis with fungus: highlights of a winter walk in the Welsh Village area. You could say that they are ‘goldfields treasures’ too.

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Reminder about FOBIF exhibition

The FOBIF show at the Newstead Arts Hub will be opened by Alison Pouliot at 10.30 on Saturday 25 February. Everyone is welcome and there will be refreshments. Find out more here and see all the contributions here.

Geoff Park has contributed this follow of Barking Owls. 

Barking Owls, Newstead, 31st October 2017

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FOBIF show opens this month!

Our FOBIF show now named Responding to Country: Friends of the Box-Ironbark Forests 1998-2023 will be opened by natural historian and environmental photographer Alison Pouliot on Saturday, February 25 at 10.30am at the Newstead Arts Hub. It will run for 3 weekends (February 25 & 26, March 4 & 5, 11 & 12) and Labour Day (March 13). Gallery opening hours are 10am to 4pm.

The show will include 20 photos with accompanying text by FOBIF members and supporters, children’s art from Chewton Primary School, FOBIF historical information, and geology exhibits. Three of the founding members of FOBIF, Marie Jones, Phil Ingelmells and Tami McVicar have been involved in the preparation of this show. Phil has written this article about the formation of FOBIF. You can see the photos contributed so far here

All are welcome to come to the opening. Exhibition photos, FOBIF books and an exhibition catalogue will be for sale. Refreshments will be provided. 

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One more contribution to FOBIF turns 25

Liz Martin has sent us this contribution.

Mount Alexander

I love to wander the ridges and gullies.

I often walk and find new places that I name. Valley of the dead trees is one. 

The different environments from the summit mist to the drier valleys are all worth exploring.

It is also a place for family walks and celebrations at the picnic ground or dog rocks. 

I love the misty days and the ancient rocks: the moss beds and the fascinating fungi.

It is also my refuge when life gets overwhelming and I wander the different areas with my camera, seeking out the leaves that have fallen,  lichen on the rocks and look forward to the fruiting of the mosses.

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Subscriptions are now due

We have recently sent our 2023 FOBIF newsletter with a renewal membership form to members. If you haven’t received one or would like to become a member you can find the membership form and payment details here

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More contributions to FOBIF turns 25 show

We have had a terrific response to our call for contributions to our FOBIF turns 25 exhibition. You can see all the entries here. The closing date for contributions is in just over a week (31st January). You can find the details here.

Euan Moore and Bronwyn Silver have contributed the following photos and accompanying text. 

A Visit from the Emperor (Euan Moore)

The Sugar Gums at Kalimna Point, while not native to the area, provide resources for many of the smaller animals that live in our forests.  One of the larger trees on the slope below the rotunda has been used by Sugar Gliders whose sharp teeth have cut into the bark causing the sweet sap to ooze out.  This sap is the nourishment which the Sugar Gliders seek. It continues to bleed long after the gliders have retired to their hollow at sunrise.

The sap provides a bounty for insects that would otherwise be seeking nectar from flowers at a time of year when there are fewer plants in flower. Word, or the scent, had obviously got out.  On a warm January morning there was a cloud of butterflies feeding from the Sugar Gliders’ table.

Tailed Emperors are one of our largest butterflies. Their wingspan can be up to 85mm. The photo shows one sharing the ‘table’ with a Yellow Admiral as they feed on the white frothy sap. At the lower right is a scar from an earlier visit by the Sugar Gliders.

There was continuous activity at the tree as the morning warmed up.  Common Browns were there by the dozen. There were numerous Yellow Admirals, an occasional Marbled Xenica and of course the Tailed Emperors. There were even a few insects that had become trapped in the sticky treat.  Will these be the next round of fossils preserved in amber?

We don’t see Tailed Emperors in Victoria every year.  They are more common in northern New South Wales, Queensland and the Northern Territory.  There were several sightings around Castlemaine in 2012 but few since until they showed up again this summer.  It may be that the very wet conditions further north have enabled their numbers to increase.

Dawn at Bells Swamp (Bronwyn Silver)

Our region is not known for its wetlands but Bells Swamp covers about 40 hectares at the very northern edge of the Shire. Most of the time passers-by on the Maldon-Bridgewater Road see only an unremarkable area of River Red Gums surrounded by farming country, but in a wet year the swamp becomes a stand-out landscape.

In wet years like 2011, 2016 and again in 2022 it is transformed into a wonderland of wetland birds with the River Red Gums and wetland plant life flourishing after years of drought.

Bells Swamp was dry between 1996 and 2009 but flooding after heavy rains beginning in late 2010 meant the swamp was still more than a meter deep in places in November 2012. After the 2022 rains it is again pretty deep and likely to be flooded for many months.

Reflections of the tangled wetland vegetation are especially stunning at dawn when the light is soft and golden. It’s worth getting up for.

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2023 FOBIF walks program

The 2023 FOBIF walks program is now on the website. The first walk is on Sunday 19 March. All walks start at the Community House in Templeton Street at 9.30am apart from the July 16 Long Walk led by Jeremy Holland which will start at 9am. All members and supporters are welcome.

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Colours from an ancient ocean

There are many sites around the Castlemaine area where 19th Century gold miners have removed all traces of soil in a process called ‘ground sluicing’. A blight upon the environment, but also, a wonderful opportunity to take a peek at the world beneath our feet.

These photos reveal one such pavement of thinly layered and intriguingly coloured mudstone. Apart from the colour, the most obvious feature in the photo is the parallel lines. The lines are the edges of thin layers of mud which were deposited on the seafloor millions of years ago (Photo 1). Most of the tiny layers appear to be very fine-grained mudstone, but some layers may be siltstone which is slightly coarser in grain-size.

But what causes the ochre like colours in the rock? We can see from the fine grain size of the rock and the thin layering that the mudstone was deposited on the seafloor at a time when bottom currents were gentle or even absent. This created an oxygen poor environment which was just right for the mineral pyrite (FeS2) to form in the muddy muck. After the mud turns to stone, and despite all the upheavals over the eons, pyrite remains in its pure state as tiny cubic crystals, that is, until erosion finally exposes the rock near the surface. When rock is exposed to within about 30 metres from the surface the oxygen-bearing groundwater reacts with the pyrite to form iron compounds that move through the weathered rock and start to fill cracks, or more porous parts of the weathered rock. These iron bearing minerals are called limonite or goethite – and these are the red-brown, or ochre coloured streaks (Photo 2).

Photo 1: The fine horizontal lines in this photo are the edges of dozens of thin layers of mud and silt that were laid down on the ocean floor. The dark brown fragments are pieces of limonite or goethite that have been weathered out of the outcrop and now just floating around.

Photo 2: The red-brown diagonal streak is probably a concentration of limonite formed along a tiny quartz vein.

This is the ninth  post in our geology series written by Clive Willman. 

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