Uncommon beauty conceals a deadly trap

Carnivorous plants can trap prey in a various ways: pitfall traps, flypaper traps, snap traps and lobster-pot traps. The well-known local carnivorous Scented Sundew Drosera whittakeri uses the flypaper trap method. Insects are captured in the sticky dew exuding from hairs growing on its leaves.

Another trapping method is the ‘bladder trap’ and the intriguing Utricularia dichotoma is one of the carnivorous plants that uses this method. This ‘bladderwort’ is commonly known as Fairy Aprons due to the appearance of its flowers.

Fairy Aprons have a tiny ‘bladder’ which is small and submerged under water or in damp soil with a hair-triggered door that responds within 1/30th of a second to suck in any passing insect. The vacuum-driven bladder has been described as the most sophisticated carnivorous trapping mechanism to be found among plants. The violet flowers which are enlarged in this photo are tiny and grow on a thin stem.

Fairy Aprons. Photo by Bronwyn Silver, 1 January 2011

Early this year Doug Ralph discovered scores of Fairy Aprons in a swampy area in Harcourt not far from Mount Alexander. Three FOBIF members accompanied him to see and record the sighting. Although none had seen them before, Ern Perkins from the Castlemaine Field Naturalists reported that bladderworts have been previously been recorded on Mount Alexander, and also on some of the wet granite areas in the Harcourt-Sutton Grange area.

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Waterways, floods, vegetation

The January floods caused a bit of angst in our community, with some trying to pin blame on Government bodies or current management practices.

At the AGM in July FOBIF members will be able to hear the viewpoint of CEO of the North Central Catchment Management Authority, Damian Wells.

Damian will talk about the challenges of catchment management in the context of the recent floods.

The floods were followed by a spate of calls in Castlemaine for massive vegetation clearance near waterways, as a way of lowering flood levels.

Forest Creek in spate, Castlemaine February 5 2011

Does vegetation near streams raise water levels in flood time? The belief that it does partly arises from the fact that for decades landholders were encouraged to clear streams to ‘improve flow’.  Now when they see vegetation returned to the margins of waterways they assume that this will worsen flooding. In fact the effect is minimal. Readers are referred to an Australian Land and Water publication, Managing the effects of riparian vegetation on flooding at

http://lwa.gov.au/files/products/river-landscapes/px061170/px061170-chapter-5.pdf

Its cautious but clear conclusions include, in part:

‘–Adding or removing large wood (snags) in streams has little effect on the height and duration of large floods.

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Smutta’s Track: an update

We have received a reply from DSE District Manager Steve Nicholson to our concerns about the conduct of the autumn Smutta’s Track burning operation [see below Smutta’s Track management burn]. It reads in part:

‘Following the ignition, and through subsequent patrols, crews are expected to extinguish any trees on the edges of burns and particularly any habitat trees they may have ignited. Given that this tree was raked around and largely protected from ignition via ground fuels, a reasonable explanation, which is supported by ground inspection, suggests that a fire brand, falling limb or otherwise may have ignited the tree….If this did occur, it is reasonable to expect that patrols would have, in most cases, identified the issue and ensured the tree was extinguished.

‘It is regrettable that this particular tree, having significant natural values as a habitat tree, suffered damage…It is essential that we now take this opportunity to reinforce the importance of good preparation, targeted and appropriate ignition and effective patrols to limit the possibility of this reoccurring.’

Less damaging, and just as effective

Crude control line, with early erosion signs

 

 

 

 

 

 

On the subject of the crudely made control line, Steve Nicholson noted that ‘it is district practice to keep to a minimum the amount of control line constructed…in some cases we may need a control line that can accommodate access for larger fire vehicles to ensure we can undertake burns safely.’ He assured us that the track in question would be rehabilitated ‘as soon as practicable’. Continue reading

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Bridal Creeper meeting

On April 18 FOBIF and other environmental groups met in Castlemaine with Shauna Potter, national bridal creeper coordinator, to discuss methods of control for this increasingly worrying weed.

Conscious of the rampant spread of the creeper, we undertook a small control program near Forest Creek in Chewton last year, with the aid of a Parks Victoria grant.

Shauna confirmed our view that the best method of dealing with the creeper is to attack small outlying infestations, and to pin our faith on the spread of the rust which has been introduced in recent years. The rust is not prominent in the lush growth of bridal creeper presently visible, but it is present, and can be expected to be more obvious in Spring. Nuggety Landcare has been active in spreading it, and made it available to landcare activists last year.

Infestation of Bridal Creeper at Campbells Creek. Photo: Bryan McMullan, April 2011.

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Smutta’s Track management burn

Smutta’s track, near Irishtown in the Castlemaine Diggings NHP, was burned by DSE in Autumn as part of the Bendigo Fire Protection Plan. The bush at the time was quite damp, so much so that we wondered at the point of the burning exercise. DSE are under severe political pressure, however, to ‘treat’ a target area of bushland with  burning, and it was no surprise that the operation went ahead.

As expected, the effect was very patchy. It’s hard to see its value as a fuel reduction exercise, though it may have some interesting ecological effects, given the excellent conditions for regrowth in the area.

We were extremely disappointed by two aspects of this operation, however.

First: we had advised DSE that there are some big old trees in this zone which should be protected from fire. Although there was some raking around larger trees, we were surprised and disappointed by the probable destruction of a veteran red box right on Hunter’s Track, on the Salter’s Creek side. We measured this tree at about 125 cm diameter at breast height. and as far as we can tell it was  a candidate for the title of biggest tree in the zone [see pic].

Hunters Tk, Castlemaine Diggings NHP: this tree probably won't survive the management burn. It might survive, but it’s taken a tremendous hit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Its survival is doubtful.

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After the burn off

FOBIF members have made several visits to the south end of the Diggings Park to monitor the effects of a very severe management burn conducted near the Wewak track in Autumn last year. On our latest visit, on February 7, we came to the following tentative conclusions:

1. Recovery of species has been good. Good rain has provided excellent recovery conditions, and we will report on the detailed monitoring of the area by Castlemaine Field Naturalists in due course, as well as DSE monitoring, if any. There has been an outbreak of thistles, a lot of which we’ve pulled out and taken away, and dandelions, possibly because of the large areas of bare earth created. Continue reading

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It’s pretty, but it’s a weed

Ian Higgins identified this flower as a Gladiolus specie, probably G.undulatus. It is a weed that several FOBIF members found growing in great numbers beside a roadside in Sutton Grange. Unfortunately, as in the case of GazaniasGladiolus undulatus, it is still sold in nurseries.

Gladiolus. Photo by Bronwyn Silver, 29 December, 2010

Apart from their effect on bushland, weeds cost Australian agriculture $4 billion a year in decreased productivity and management costs. 65% are escapes from gardens and parks (Ref: www.weeds.gov.au). For more information and discussion about the impact of weeds on our bushlands see the Natural Newstead site.

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